[Appetite and exercise; influence of 12 weeks of circuit resistance training on the nesfatin-1 to acylated ghrelin ratio of plasma in overweight adolescents]

Appetite influences energy homeostasis. Nesfatin-1 and Acylated ghrelin are orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides that play an important role in obesity and energy balance. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of one cycle circuit resistance training on the Nesfatin-1 to Acylated ghrelin ratio in adolescent overweight. Twenty male students, age 18 +/- 0.92 years, weight 83.57 +/- 5.62 kg and BMI 27.48 +/- 1.5 kg/m2 [mean +/- SE] were randomly allocated to the intervention and control groups. Subjects performead circuit-resistance training protocol with 60% 1RM, 3 sessions per week for 12 weeks. Levels of Plasma Nesfatin-1, Acylated ghrelin, Cortisol, Insulin and Growth hormone, were measured using the ELISA method. Results revealed that after 12 weeks circuit resistance training, Nesfatin-1 [P=0.005], acylated ghrelin [P=0.02], the Nesfatin-1 to Acylated ghrelin ratio [P=0.008] and growth hormone [P=0.04] levels increased in the plasma significantly whereas cortisol [P=0.05] decreased significantly. A significant positive correlation [R=0.79] was found between Plasma Nesfatin-1 and GH whereas a significant negative correlation [R=-0.729] was seen between Plasma Nesfatin-1 and cortisol [P

[Changes of nerve - muscle performance of elderly men in response to whole body vibration]

Background and Aims: Whole body vibration exercise by affecting the neuromuscular system and mechanical mechanisms increase muscles strength. This study investigated the effect of whole body vibration training on neuromuscular function of elderly men

Methods: Based on a randomized controlled trial design, 72 retired elderly men with a mean age of 73.00 +/- 2.67 years participated in this study. After obtaining subjects' consent, they were divided into the four groups based on Bosco training program in a period of 6 weeks. Neuromuscular function after training protocol was evaluated by the standard 5-chair and timed up and go [TUG] tests. Then, data were analyzed

Results: 5-chair practice and timed up and go tests results after whole body vibration exercise for three sessions in a week showed significantly improvement in nerve-muscle function [P < 0.05]. Besides, the whole body vibration exercises significantly reduced the times of 5-chair practice and timed up and go tests [P < 0.05 for both]

Conclusion: The whole body vibration exercises can significantly affect the nerve-muscle function in elderly and reduce the likelihood of falling

[Effect of whole-body vibration training on physiological indices and cardiovascular fitness in elderly veterans]

Whole-body vibration training as an exercise method and as a non-drug treatment strategy has been used for improvement of cardiovascular fitness. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of whole-body vibration training on vo2max, body fat percentage, and lipid profile and serotonin level in elderly veterans. In this semi experimental study, forty veterans with 25 percent damage [age range 55-65 years of age] were selected and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. Subjects in the experimental group performed whole-body vibration training for a period of 12 weeks with frequency of 30-35 Hz and amplitude of 1/7 mm. Our control group did not participate in any regular exercise program during study period. Serotonin levels, VO2max, percentage of body fat, BMI and lipid profile were measured before and after training for both groups. Data were introduced into SPSS18 software and analyzed by t-tests at P<0/05. After 12 weeks of whole body vibration training, we found significant decrease in the percentage of body fat, BMI and lipid profile and significant increase in VO2maxand serotonin in the experimental group [P<0.05]. Whole-body vibration training in the elderly veterans as a new training method can lead to improved cardiovascular function

[Evaluation of neuromuscular response to chronic whole body vibration training in elderly women]

Whole body vibration training can improve muscular force by affecting neuromuscular system and mechanical mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an 8 week whole body vibration training [WBVT] on neuromuscular performance in healthy elderly women. Based on an experimental and BOSCO training protocol, thirty elderly female women [50 +/-5.5 yrs old] were selected and divided randomly into two experimental and control groups. Before and after vibration training, timed Up and Go and 5-chair stand tests were performed to evaluate neuromuscular performance in elderly women. Data were processed with SPSS software version 18 and one way ANOVA test was used for data analysis. P<0.05 was considered significant. Data analysis showed that there was a significant improvement in neuromuscular performance in WBVT group compared to control group [P

[Relationship between BMI and blood CRP and fibrinogen in obese, thin and normal weight among girl students]

Obesity due to inactivity and sedentary as an epidemic phenomenon is growing up. The purpose of this study is to determine correlation between obesity and thinness with blood CRP and fibrinogen in young girl students. In this study three groups of sixty girl students were selected: sixty girls overweight with BMI higher than 30, sixty girls with normal weight [18.5 up to 24.9] and sixty thin girls with BMI lower than 18.5kg/m2. The applied method was available method. Blood samples were collected for CRP and fibrinogen assessments. The Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation, one way ANOVA and Tukey tests. Data analysis showed that there were positive and significant correlations between the amount of CRP and fibrinogen concentrations with obesity. Also, the higher amount of these values were seen in obese group [p<0.05]. Based on this study reducing weight in the form of body fat decreasing results in inflammation indices reduction which is related to low incidence of CHD in women and, also, it can reduce cardio-vascular disease danger among women

[ effect of single stage caffeine supplementation on serum cortisol and HSP72 concentrations and leukocyte count of male athletes]

Long term and vigorous exercises may lead to a deficiency of the body immune system components. Consuming caffeine supplementation before the exercise can affect the body immune response. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of short-term caffeine supplementation on the defense system and the innate immune index responses in male athletes after an exhaustive aerobic exercise. 24 male endurance athletes were randomly divided into supplement and placebo groups. Exercise testing was an exhaustive treadmill test [Bruce test]. One hour before the main test, the supplement group [SUPP] consumed caffeine [6 Mg/BW] and the placebo group [PLA] received Cellulose during testing. Blood samples were collected from anticubital vein before and immediately after exercise testing. After serum collection; Cortisol and eHsp72 concentrations and leukocyte count were determined using ELISA and H1 method respectively. After conformation of normal distribution of variables by kolmogrov-smirnov test, SPANOVA and Independent t test were performed and p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Independent t test results showed that the mean changes of serum cortisol and HSP72 indexes were increased significantly in SUPP and PLA group [P<0.05] after exhaustive aerobic exercise; but there was no significant change in the leukocytes count. Also, SPANOVA test showed that caffeine supplementation has significantly changed Hsp72 and serum cortisol levels in male athletes [P<0.05] while it has no significant effect on serum leukocytes [P>0.05]. findings show that consuming caffeine supplementation prior to short-term exhaustive aerobic exercise possibly has positive effect on the innate immune system and the body's defensive apparatus

[Impact of water training on serum adiponectin level and insulin resistance in obese postmenopausal women]

Menopause is accompanied by hormonal variation and reduction in insulin sensitivity. Increase in body fat mass, which is followed by aging causes adiponectin decrement and higher insulin resistance in postmenopausal women. The purpose of this study was the evaluate of adiponectin and insulin resistance changes after a water training program in obese postmenopausal women. Twenty obese postmenopausal women [BMI>30 kg/m2], selected to participate in this study, were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group performed selective resistance and aerobic water training for 3 months at 65-75% of MHR 45 min per session, whereas the control group did not participate in any exercise program during the study period. Blood samples were collected for assay of research variables, before and after exercise regimen. Plasma adiponectin and insulin were analyzed using commercially available ELISA kits. FBS measured by the enzymatic calorimetric method and insulin resistance was calculated with the HOMA-IR equation. Data analysis showed that water training enhanced adiponectin concentrations in the experimental group [P<0.05]. Also there was significant decrease in glucose and insulin resistance in the experimental group, compared to the control group [P<0.05]. Based on the study results it seems that selective resistance and aerobic water training, due to involvement of greater muscle mass and exposure to dynamic pressure on the bones and muscles, leads to higher energy expenditure, higher levels of adiponectin concentration and decrease in insulin resistance in obese postmenopausal women